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Kalmia latifolia Tofka - Mountain Laurel

Kalmia latifolia Tofka
Mountain Laurel, Calico Bush, Spoonwood, American Mountain Laurel, Broad-leaved Kalmia

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This heathland shrub stands out for its abundant flowering in pastel shades. Its pink floral buds open into delicately patterned white-pink flowers with deep red patterning. Their shape and colour look like pearlescent shells. This Kalmia is also attractive for its evergreen foliage in winter. Not very large, it works well in a large pot or a small garden. To be cultivated in semi-shade in soil that is non-calcaeous and kept moist, .
Flower size
5 cm
Height at maturity
1.20 m
Spread at maturity
90 cm
Exposure
Partial shade
Hardiness
Hardy down to -29°C
Soil moisture
Moist soil
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Best planting time March, October
Recommended planting time March to May, September to October
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Flowering time May to June
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Description

Kalmia latifolia Tofka is a selection of mountain laurel, full of charm, compact, bushy, flowering in a beautiful pastel shade. Its slightly incurved corollas, large in size, arranged in clusters, are light pink in colour and dotted with dark red.  These contrast against the geometrically shaped pink floral buds. Not very large, this shrub works well in a large pot or a small garden. It is grown like a rhododendron, in semi-shade in a heathland soil, which always remains a bit damp.

Kalmia latifolia Tofka belongs to the Ericaceae family, like Heather and Rhododendron. It is a horticultural cultivar obtained by KH Huebbers in Germany. This slow growing shrub, reaches about 1.20 m (3 ft 11 in) in height for 90 cm (35.4 in) in span after 10 years. Its well branched trunk gives it a bushy, compact and somewhat erect habit. Its medium green, evergreen leaves are lighter on the undersides and provide decorative all year round interest. The leaves are tough and thick and slightly V-shape. This plant is most spectacular at the end of spring, in May-June, when it is entirely covered with flowers. Their waxy texture brings out the patterns on the petals.  Each branch carries clusters of ribbed light pink buds which open into white flowers decorated with red to brown dots and central ring. They are very flared, almost flat at maturity and measure up to 5 cm (2 in) in diameter. After flowering, if they have not fallen, the flowers give way to brown capsule-shaped fruits, which remain throughout the in winter.

Kalmias, unlike rhododendrons, are unfairly unknown. Their flowering is enchanting, they are particularly hardy heathland bushes that should be installed in semi-shade, in a well drained, damp and humus-rich soil. Kalmia 'Tofka' will be perfect to accompany and highlight your other heathland plants, Hydrangeas, Japanese maples, camellias and rhododendrons for example. Due to its small size, it is also suitable for pots on balconies or patios, provided the soil is always kept damp and watered with non-calcareous water.

Kalmia latifolia is a shrub which is entirely toxic to humans as well as for animals (dogs, cats, sheep, horses) when eaten, including its leaves, flowers, fruits and roots.

Plant habit

Height at maturity 1.20 m
Spread at maturity 90 cm
Habit Irregular, bushy
Growth rate slow

Flowering

Flower colour pink
Flowering time May to June
Inflorescence Corymb
Flower size 5 cm

Foliage

Foliage persistence Evergreen
Foliage colour green

Botanical data

Genus

Kalmia

Species

latifolia

Cultivar

Tofka

Family

Ericaceae

Other common names

Mountain Laurel, Calico Bush, Spoonwood, American Mountain Laurel, Broad-leaved Kalmia

Origin

Cultivar or hybrid

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Planting and care

Kalmia latifolia 'Tofka' is extremely hardy and can withstand very low temperatures, below -20 °C. It requires a semi-shaded position, in a humus-rich and fertile, acidic (without lime), well drained but damp soil. Plant in spring or autumn, avoiding periods of frost or high heat. Prepare a wide and deep pit, 50 cm (19.7 in) by 50 cm (19.7 in) so that your Kalmia quickly establish itself. If the soil is calcareous, it will need to be completely replaced by a mix of ericaceous soil and leaf compost in a large planting pit. Regular watering (with rainwater if possible) in the first few weeks following planting is necessary to keep the soil moist and cool.  A pine bark mulch at the base of the plant can be beneficial to protect the fine and superficial roots.

Each spring, scratch the soil around the base of the plant and top with compost, ericaceous soil and mulch. The mountain laurel dislikes scorching situations and sweltering summers. It must be placed in such a way that it is shaded during the hottest hours of the day. The mountain laurel dislikes exposure to strong sunlight, especially in case of drought, and ensure regular watering (preferably with rainwater). This summer watering is particularly important since this is when the flower buds form for the following spring. The mountain laurel, liking coolness and good humidity, will thrive in coastal or rainy climates. With its small size, it is well suited to pots on a patio or balcony but use a large pot and water well to avoid the soil from drying out.

Planting period

Best planting time March, October
Recommended planting time March to May, September to October

Intended location

Suitable for Woodland edge
Type of use Border, Container
Hardiness Hardy down to -29°C (USDA zone 5) Show map
Ease of cultivation Amateur
Planting density 1 per m2
Exposure Partial shade
Soil pH Acidic
Soil type Silty-loamy (rich and light)
Soil moisture Moist soil, rich in humus with good drainage

Care

Pruning instructions Apart from removing faded flowers, pruning the Kalmia latifolia is not necessary. Indeed, it may hinder flowering for the following year, as the flower buds form at the ends of the branches. It is however possible to remove dead wood and a light slight prune to maintain a balanced shape of the dwarf Kalmia.
Pruning Pruning recommended once a year
Pruning time May to June
Soil moisture Moist soil
Disease resistance Good
Overwinter Can be left in the ground

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