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Columnar Apple Tree Chenonceau - Georges Delbard

Malus domestica Chenonceau® delcoga
Apple, Orchard apple, Table apple, Cultivated apple

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Small, columnar fruit tree with an elegant silhouette that is well-suited for gardens with limited space, container cultivation, or creating a fruit hedge. A very hardy apple tree that produces large, red-orange apples with firm and flavoursome flesh, perfect for eating or cooking throughout autumn. Partially self-fertile variety.
Flavour
Sugary
Height at maturity
3.50 m
Spread at maturity
60 cm
Exposure
Sun
Best planting time October to November
Recommended planting time February to March, October to November
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Flowering time April to May
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Harvest time September to October
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Description

The columnar shape and elegant silhouette of the Chenonceau delcoga apple tree are well suited to gardens with limited space, container gardening on balconies or terraces, or creating a small fruit hedge. It is a hardy variety with a very strong and regular yield, highly resistant to scab and mildew. The Chenonceau apple is delicious, with a round shape and large size, and smooth orange-red skin with few visible lenticels when ripe. The crisp, pale and firm flesh is very juicy, sweet and aromatic. The fruit can be consumed as soon as it is harvested from late September and can be stored until November. With its high sugar content, it is a refreshing apple to bite into. Excellent for tarts, compotes or pan-frying, the Chenonceau is also much appreciated in savoury recipes. It is a partially self-fertile variety, but the presence of other apple tree varieties nearby will improve pollination and therefore production.

Malus domestica, also known scientifically as Malus communis or Malus pumila, is the Common or Domestic Apple tree. It belongs to the Rosaceae family. Present in Europe since ancient times, it is a fruit tree native to the forests of Central Asia. It is very hardy and is likely the most cultivated fruit tree in Northern Europe. There are approximately 20,000 varieties, including around 10,000 of American origin, 2,000 of English origin, and 2,000 of Chinese origin. Malus domestica Chenonceau® 'delcoga' is a recent creation from Georges Delbard Nurseries in France.

Elegant, the Chenonceau Apple tree is a small tree with a columnar and compact habit, reaching a height of 3 to 4 metres (10 to 13 feet) and a width of approximately 50 to 70cm (20 to 28in) at maturity. Its foliage consists of large, ovate leaves that are green-brown on top and white-green underneath, with deeply toothed edges. The white flowering occurs in April-May, which generally protects it from frost. The flowers are destroyed by frost at temperatures below -2 to -3°C. The Chenonceau delcoga columnar apple tree is a hardy plant that can withstand temperatures around -30°C, making it suitable for cultivation in most regions. The presence of other apple tree varieties nearby will improve pollination and therefore production. Columnar apple tree varieties such as Amboise, Azay-Le-Rideau, Ballerina Polka, Ballerina Maypole, Ballerina Valse, Cheverny, Chinon, Courson, Pomfital, Rhapsodie, Sonate, Vaux Le Vicomte, Versailles, Villandry are suitable for cross-pollination. The Reine des Reinettes apple tree can also fulfill this function. Ornamental apple trees, such as Perpetu Evereste and John Downie, flower abundantly and can be excellent pollinators.

The Chenonceau Apple tree is a vigorous variety with rapid and productive fruiting. The fruiting, which is uniform and abundant, begins in late September and continues until October. The apple can be consumed both raw and cooked, in compotes, pastries, paired with cheeses, or as an accompaniment to savoury dishes such as black pudding, pork, or salads. Easy to consume, the apple provides a great sense of satiety. Rich in carbohydrates and fructose, it is invigorating and rehydrating. Its high content of vitamins A, B, C, and E, minerals, antioxidants, and fibre makes it a health asset. The fruits can be stored until November. Storage can be done in a cool, dry place, protected from light at a temperature around 8 to 10°C, or in a cold room, sealed off from outside air at a temperature of 1 to 3°C. The apple releases ethylene, a gas that promotes fruit ripening. To speed up the ripening of other fruits or vegetables, place your apples next to them.

Very popular for its fruit, the apple tree finds its place in the garden for the pleasure of young and old alike. Among a wide range of apple trees varieties, it is easy to find the one that best suits your tastes.

Columnar Apple Tree Chenonceau - Georges Delbard in pictures

Columnar Apple Tree Chenonceau - Georges Delbard (Plant habit) Plant habit
Columnar Apple Tree Chenonceau - Georges Delbard (Harvest) Harvest

Plant habit

Height at maturity 3.50 m
Spread at maturity 60 cm
Growth rate normal

Fruit

Fruit colour red
Fruit diameter 9 cm
Flavour Sugary
Use Table, Compote, Patisserie, Cooking
Harvest time September to October

Flowering

Flower colour white
Flowering time April to May
Inflorescence Umbel
Flower size 3 cm
Bee-friendly Attracts pollinators

Foliage

Foliage persistence Deciduous
Foliage colour medium green

Botanical data

Genus

Malus

Species

domestica

Cultivar

Chenonceau® delcoga

Family

Rosaceae

Other common names

Apple, Orchard apple, Table apple, Cultivated apple

Origin

Cultivar or hybrid

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Planting and care

Choose a well-sunlit spot for your Chenonceau Columnar Apple Tree. The soil can be slightly alkaline or acidic but not excessively so. Dig a large planting hole at least 3 times the volume of the root ball. Simultaneously add organic matter (topsoil, compost) and a base fertiliser such as crushed horn. Do not bury the graft point. Stake if necessary. For apple trees planted in isolation and in open areas, it may be helpful to stake them by installing a bracing system: plant 3 stakes in a triangle 50 cm (20in) around the trunk, and connect them together with pieces of wood. Protect the bark with a piece of e.g. rubber, and attach the stakes to the trunk with metal wires. Water abundantly, even in winter, and even if it rains. Fruit trees are ideally planted between October and March, outside of the freezing period. Container-grown plants can be planted all year round except during periods of high heat or frost.

The advantage of columnar fruit trees is that they can be grown in containers for outdoor use. Choose a container of at least 60L. Make sure the pot is perforated and provide good drainage by filling the bottom with a thick layer of clay pellets or gravel. In pots, your trees will naturally require more regular watering. In winter, move your fruit trees to a sheltered place away from the wind and stop watering during frost periods. Every two years at least, top dress your trees by replacing at least the topsoil with fresh soil, and fertilise before flowering, choosing a special fertiliser that is not too rich in nitrogen.

In winter you can add a small handful of wood ash, around the base of the tree and lightly incorporated into the surface of the soil - rich in potash, this will improve fruiting. Apple trees can be subject to various diseases and pests. In order to limit risks, space the trees sufficiently, and install multi-species hedges, nest boxes or insect hotels to attract beneficial insects. In summary: prioritise biodiversity. The main diseases of the Apple tree are scab (brown spots on the leaves), brown rot (wilting of flowers and rotting of fruits on the tree) and powdery mildew (white powdery coating on the leaves). For these three cases preventive action is preferred by spraying a decoction of horsetail, or as a last resort and in case of severe attacks, a treatment based on Bordeaux mixture can be applied. As for pests, the codling moth (or fruit worm) is a small caterpillar, resulting from the egg laying of a butterfly, that causes tunnels inside the fruit. To remedy this, it is preferable to act preventively by promoting the installation of tits and bats through the placement of nest boxes. In case of aphid infestation, spray a solution based on black soap.

During the harvest in September, only keep the picked fruit. For good storage, it is desirable to place the apple with its stem downward, on shelves or in crates. Preferably choose a completely dark, dry and cool place, but frost-free.

 

Planting period

Best planting time October to November
Recommended planting time February to March, October to November

Intended location

Suitable for Meadow
Type of use Free-standing, Container, Orchard
Hardiness Hardy down to -23°C (USDA zone 6a) Show map
Ease of cultivation Amateur
Planting density 1 per m2
Exposure Sun
Soil pH Any
Soil type Clayey (heavy), Clayey-chalky (heavy and alkaline), Silty-loamy (rich and light), deep, not too dry

Care

Pruning instructions The pruning of your apple tree can be limited to a simple thinning out of dead or obstructive branches at the end of winter, in March. During the first 3 or 4 years, you can also encourage the formation of 4 or 5 main branches, giving the tree a goblet shape, which is traditional in fruit tree cultivation. In any case, make sure to leave some spaces in the tree's structure for good air circulation and light. Don't hesitate to thin out fruit clusters in June. Removing some fruits relieves the fragile branches and helps achieve a better size.
Pruning Pruning recommended once a year
Soil moisture Tolerant
Disease resistance Good
Overwinter Can be left in the ground

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