Planting Tree Ferns

When to plant a tree fern?

The ideal time to plant a tree fern is in spring, after the last frosts. The soil then begins to warm up, providing favourable conditions for rooting and plant establishment. You can also consider planting in early autumn in mild climate regions, to take advantage of residual soil warmth and natural moisture. Avoid periods of intense summer heat and cold seasons, as tree ferns are sensitive to thermal stress and frost.

Where to plant tree ferns?

Tree ferns thrive in humid and warm atmospheres without direct sunlight. Position them in partial shade, sheltered from cold and drying winds. The key to successful cultivation is air humidity – it should be as high as possible, otherwise the foliage will scorch.

Plant your tree fern at the edge of woodland, near a house or building, or on a northwest-facing terrace. Observe the existing vegetation nearby – it’s a good indicator: if wild ferns, nettles and impatiens grow there naturally, then you’ve found the perfect spot!

Tree ferns prefer neutral or acidic soils, rich in humus, and cannot tolerate waterlogging or overly chalky ground. The soil should be well-drained yet consistently moist, without drying out in summer. A mix of garden soil, leaf mould and well-rotted compost is ideal. An organic mulch (pine bark, dried ferns or dead leaves) will help retain soil moisture and protect the roots.

Impressive in size, tree ferns bring wonderful exotic flair to the garden!

How to plant them?

How to plant a tree fern in your garden:

1. Soak the pot in a basin of water for 10 minutes.
2. Using a trowel or spade, dig a planting hole three times the height and width of the pot. If your soil is heavy, place a layer of gravel or pumice at the bottom of the hole and add, if needed, 1/4 peat and 1/4 vermiculite, mixing them with your garden soil.
3. Remove your fern from its pot, taking care not to damage the foliage. This operation requires two people: while one holds the fern by its trunk, the other gently taps the pot by hand to release it. If necessary, use secateurs to cut any roots that may hinder the removal.
4. Place your plant in the planting hole, ensuring the trunk is straight, and backfill with soil.
5. Firm the soil with your hands, then water thoroughly the soil and the stipe.

How to care for a tree fern?

The vital part of the tree fern is located at the top of the stipe (trunk), where new fronds emerge. It is therefore essential to keep this area consistently moist to ensure the plant’s survival.

• Watering: In hot, dry weather, water the top of the stipe daily with non-calcareous water, preferably in the evening to reduce evaporation. Also, keep the soil cool without overwatering. You can also mist the foliage regularly to recreate a humid environment.
• Fertilisation: Apply a liquid fertiliser for “green plants” once or twice a year, in spring and summer. Dilute it to 50% in the watering water to avoid root burn. Adding well-decomposed compost at the base can also naturally enrich the soil.
• Winter protection: Below -7°C, it is essential to protect the plant. Cover the top of the stipe with horticultural fleece or a “straw hat” to shield the young fronds. This protection allows the fern to withstand temperatures as low as -12°C for short periods. You can also mulch the base generously with dead leaves or bark to insulate the roots from frost.
• Container cultivation: In regions with harsh winters, opt for growing in a large pot. Bring the fern indoors to a conservatory, unheated greenhouse, or a bright, frost-free space during winter. Reduce watering during this period while maintaining minimal moisture.