
Roses: best varieties and how to grow them
Contents
Roses in a nutshell
- Roses come in a variety of forms: they can be bushy, climbing, or ground-covering…
- They offer single or double flowers, in a very wide range of colours!
- They are appreciated for their often pleasantly scented flowering.
- They are perfect for creating bouquets!
- The rose is an essential element for creating a romantic atmosphere in the garden! It also finds its place in English gardens.
A word from our Expert
A true symbol of love and romance, with an extremely delicate flowering, the rose is the queen of flowers. It is one of the most cultivated plants in gardens. It is appreciated for its single or double flowers, often highly fragrant, and its superb divided foliage, deciduous or semi-evergreen. The flowers range from white to red, but can also be yellow, orange, or even mauve… There is even a nearly black rose, with the variety ‘Black Baccara’! Whatever their colour, roses always possess exceptional elegance, making them a key element in romantic gardens and English gardens.
With several thousand varieties, roses offer beautiful diversity! The most classic are bush and shrub roses, which easily find their place in borders or beds, but other varieties grow as ground cover, while climbing roses scale pergolas or the facades of houses. As for standard roses, they add a very elegant touch to the garden and are perfect as standalone specimens, for example in a short grass meadow.
Planting roses is possible all year round, but is preferably done in autumn in cool, well-draining soil, rich in organic matter. The smaller varieties adapt well to pot cultivation! Roses require a bit of maintenance to provide generous flowering. It is advisable to provide them with fertiliser, to water them during dry spells, and to prune them. They are susceptible to rust, powdery mildew, and black spot disease, and may require some treatments.
Botany
Botanical data
- Latin name Rosa sp.
- Family Rosaceae
- Common name Rose
- Flowering from June, and until autumn for remontant varieties
- Height very variable, from 20-30 centimetres to over 10 metres
- Exposure sun or light shade
- Soil type rich and draining
- Hardiness -15 to -20 °C
Les rosiers sont des arbustes ou plantes grimpantes à feuilles caduques ou semi-persistantes et à tiges épineuses. Il existerait environ 150 espèces, originaires d’Europe, d’Asie et d’Amérique du Nord. En France, on compte un peu moins de 20 espèces à l’état sauvage. Certaines proviennent d’Asie mais se naturalisent, s’échappant des jardins où elles sont cultivées (Rosa multiflora, Rosa rugosa, Rosa banksiae…). Rosa canina, l’églantier, est sans doute l’espèce la plus fréquente dans la nature en France. Le rosier gallique, Rosa gallica, est protégé sur l’ensemble du territoire métropolitain.
Les rosiers sont cultivés depuis plus de 5 000 ans, et ont largement été hybridés, à tel point qu’il existe désormais des milliers de variétés, bien différentes au niveau du port ou de la floraison. Les croisements de rosiers botaniques ont permis d’obtenir une multitude de variétés… Pour s’y retrouver, on les classe dans différents groupes en fonction de leurs caractéristiques, de leur forme générale (rosiers grimpants, rosiers buissons…) ou de leur style (rosiers anciens, rosiers anglais…).

Rosa canina: botanical illustration
Le rosier a donné son nom à la famille des Rosaceae. C’est une famille importante, qui compte environ 3 000 espèces. On y trouve les arbres fruitiers les plus courants, comme les pruniers, pommiers ou cerisiers, ainsi que des plantes sauvages, fréquentes dans la nature en France : aubépine, ronce, sorbier… Et de nombreuses plantes ornementales : pyracantha, cotonéaster, laurier-cerise, spirée, photinia, potentille…
La hauteur des rosiers est extrêmement variable, entre les rosiers miniatures qui mesurent moins de 50 centimètres de haut, et les rosiers lianes qui peuvent grimper sur plusieurs mètres en escaladant des arbres ou des façades. Ainsi, Rosa gigantea, la plus grande espèce de rosier, peut atteindre plus de 20 mètres de hauteur, en grimpant sur les autres arbres.
Les rosiers peuvent prendre des formes extrêmement variées ! Ils sont souvent buissonnants ou arbustifs, mais de nombreuses variétés sont aussi grimpantes. Ils peuvent être conduits contre une façade, sur une pergola, une tonnelle, dans un arbre… Les rosiers grimpants les plus vigoureux sont appelés rosiers lianes (ex : Rosa banksiae). D’autres poussent en couvre-sol, avec un port bas et étalé. Il existe également des rosiers miniatures, bien adaptés à une culture en pot, et destinés par exemple à être placés sur un balcon ou une terrasse. Enfin, certains rosiers sont conduits sur tige. Ils sont formés d’une haute tige toute droite, d’où part une boule de feuilles et de fleurs. Cette forme n’existe pas dans la nature : elle est obtenue par greffage d’un rosier buisson. L’aspect est donc moins naturel que chez les autres types de rosiers, mais très élégant. Lorsque c’est une variété sarmenteuse qui est greffée, ces rosiers tiges prennent un port pleureur, retombant. On distingue également les rosiers paysagers, qui sont assez bas et poussent de façon très étalée. Enfin, certains rosiers, comme Rosa rugosa, sont drageonnants ! De nouvelles tiges émergent directement à partir des racines.
Les tiges des rosiers peuvent donc être dressées, grimpantes ou rampantes. Elles portent généralement des épines. Celles-ci sont parfois très décoratives, comme chez Rosa sericea var. pteracantha, aux épines rouges et très larges. Là encore, il n’y a pas vraiment de règles, elles peuvent prendre différentes tailles, être très fines ou bien plus larges, denses ou plus éparses. On trouve aussi des variétés inermes, sans épines.

The thorns of roses can take various forms! From left to right, Rosa canina, Rosa spinosissima and Rosa omeiensis ‘Pteracantha’ (photo Wendy Cutler)
Certains rosiers ne fleurissent qu’une seule fois, généralement à la fin du printemps ou en début d’été. C’est souvent le cas des rosiers anciens et des rosiers grimpants. C’est le croisement avec les rosiers asiatiques Rosa chinensis, qui a permis d’obtenir des variétés remontantes. Ainsi, les rosiers modernes sont souvent remontants, fleurissant à partir de mai-juin, et jusqu’aux gelées.
À l’origine (donc chez les rosiers botaniques), les fleurs ont cinq pétales, qui entourent de nombreuses étamines. Ce sont l’hybridation et les croisements successifs qui ont permis d’obtenir des fleurs doubles, avec un nombre très important de pétales, parfois jusqu’à une soixantaine, comme chez le rosier ‘La France’. Il s’agit en réalité d’étamines modifiées, qui ont pris la forme de pétales, ce qui rend souvent ces fleurs stériles. Celles-ci peuvent donc être simples, semi-doubles, doubles ou très doubles. Elles peuvent être en coupe, en pompons, globuleuses, plates. Les variétés modernes (notamment les hybrides de thé) sont parfois turbinées, ce qui leur donne un côté extrêmement raffiné.
Les couleurs des fleurs de rosiers vont généralement du blanc au rouge, en passant par de subtiles variations de rose. Mais elles peuvent aussi être jaunes ou oranges. Le rosier ‘Black Baccara’ est d’un rouge si sombre qu’il semble noir. Il n’existe pas de variétés à fleurs vraiment bleues, mais certains s’en rapprochent, comme la floraison mauve-bleutée du rosier ‘Mamy Blue’, ou les fleurs violettes de ‘Rhapsody In Blue’. Les rosiers à fleurs blanc pur, comme la variété ‘Memoire’, sont particulièrement élégants. Les couleurs des roses ont une valeur très symbolique, et l’on apprécie les variétés rouges pour l’intensité de leur floraison, qui représente l’amour passionnel. Les pétales peuvent également être bicolores, comme chez ‘New Imagine’, ‘Betty Boop’ ou ‘Abracadabra’ ! Les fleurs offrent parfois de superbes dégradés, comme chez ‘Little Sunset’, jaune au centre puis rose-orangé sur l’extérieur. Quant au rosier ‘Blue Eyes’, il présente un remarquable contraste avec ses pétales blancs colorés de pourpre au centre de la fleur.

Roses offer a wide range of shades! From left to right and top to bottom, the varieties ‘Memoire’ / ‘Madame Isaac Pereire’ (photo Rictor Norton & David Allen) / ‘Rhapsody In Blue’ / ‘Black Baccara’ / ‘Golden Gate’ / ‘Orange Climber’ / ‘Botero’ / ‘Coral Babylon Eyes’
Les rosiers anciens sont particulièrement appréciés pour leur parfum ! Les variétés modernes sont souvent un peu moins odorantes, hormis les rosiers anglais. Le parfum peut être musqué, fruité, épicé, puissant ou plus subtil… L’odeur évolue au cours d’une journée, et elle varie également en fonction de l’exposition. Découvrez aussi nos variétés les plus parfumées !
Les fleurs de rosiers peuvent être solitaires, comme c’est le cas chez les rosiers hybrides de thé. Cela permet de bien apprécier la beauté de ces fleurs, souvent grandes, qui sont ainsi mises en avant de façon isolée. Mais les rosiers portent aussi parfois des fleurs regroupées en bouquets, comme chez les rosiers multiflora, polyantha et floribunda.
Les feuilles des rosiers sont divisées, généralement composées de cinq à sept folioles, au bord denté. Certains rosiers ont jusqu’à neuf folioles, voire davantage. Elles sont disposées les unes en face des autres, avec une foliole en position terminale. Les feuilles peuvent être très petites : celles des rosiers miniatures mesurent jusqu’à 3 centimètres de longueur, tandis que les variétés plus grandes (comme les rosiers arbustes ou grimpants) ont parfois des feuilles qui atteignent une vingtaine de centimètres de long. La base du pétiole est généralement munie de stipules (genre de petites feuilles placées au niveau du point de rattachement de la feuille sur la tige).

The foliage of roses is composed of dentate leaflets
Les feuilles sont souvent vertes, mais peuvent prendre une teinte glauque, bleu-gris, comme chez Rosa glauca. Quant au rosier Rosa ferruginea, il a également des feuilles très glauques, bleu-gris nuancées de pourpre. Les jeunes feuilles des rosiers prennent parfois de jolies teintes rouges !
Les rosiers sont le plus souvent caducs, mais peuvent aussi être persistants, comme chez le rosier botanique Rosa sempervirens. Celui-ci a donné naissance à plusieurs hybrides semi-persistants (‘Adélaïde d’Orléans’, ‘Félicité et Perpétue’, etc.).
En automne, les rosiers portent des cynorhodons. Ils sont de forme sphérique ou ovale, plus ou moins allongés, et de couleur rouge, parfois orangé. Il contient à l’intérieur les akènes renfermant chacun une graine. Ces akènes sont munis de poils fortement irritants, ce qui leur vaut le nom de « gratte-cul ». Les cynorhodons sont comestibles, particulièrement riches en vitamine C, mais il faut évidemment retirer les poils urticants. On peut en faire de la confiture de cynorhodons. Privilégiez les fruits de l’espèce Rosa rugosa ou ceux de l’églantier (Rosa canina) : ce sont les plus gros et les plus intéressants à consommer.

Les cynorhodons, faux-fruits du rosier (Rosa canina)
C’est l’églantier ! Il est assez fréquent en France. Les fleurs sont blanc rosé, à cinq pétales disposés autour de nombreuses étamines jaunes. Elles donnent ensuite des cynorhodons. On utilise parfois cette espèce comme porte-greffe, notamment en terrain calcaire.

Rosa rugosa - Beach Rose
- Flowering time July to November
- Height at maturity 1,25 m

Rosa gallica Officinalis - Old Gallic Rose
- Flowering time July, August
- Height at maturity 90 cm

Rosa centifolia Muscosa - White Moss Rose
- Flowering time July, August
- Height at maturity 1,30 m

Rosa x chinensis 'Mutabilis' - China Rose
- Flowering time June to November
- Height at maturity 1,70 m

Rosa glauca Rubrifolia - Gallic Rose
- Flowering time July, August
- Height at maturity 2,50 m
The History of Roses
Roses have been cultivated for over 5,000 years in Asia, particularly in China. They were initially grown for their medicinal properties. These flowers were also appreciated by the Egyptians and Romans.
The Damask Rose, Rosa damascena, was brought to Europe in the 13th century with the Crusades. At that time, in France, the cultivation of Gallic roses began, notably Rosa gallica ‘Officinalis’, also known as the Provins Rose or Apothecary’s Rose, for its medicinal rather than ornamental properties. Rosa gallica, through hybridization with other botanical species, gave rise to the cabbage roses, Rosa centifolia. They subsequently led to the development of moss roses. Old roses offered highly fragrant but non-perpetual flowerings.
In the 18th century, roses from China, Rosa chinensis, were imported, which had the particularity of being perpetual. They thus gave rise to perpetual hybrids, the tea roses.
In the 19th century, Empress Joséphine de Beauharnais became passionate about roses and created an enormous collection at the Château de la Malmaison.
From the obtaining of the variety ‘La France’ in 1867 by Jean-Baptiste Guillot, the first hybrid tea rose, we will now speak of modern roses. Roses considered old are therefore all those obtained before this date. Thereafter, the development of bush roses with clustered flowers occurred: floribunda and polyantha roses. Countless varieties were obtained by hybridizers such as Meilland or Georges Delbard. Finally, landscape roses were created, generous and wide roses that require almost no maintenance.
Discover other Roses
View all →Available in 0 sizes
Available in 3 sizes
Available in 0 sizes
Available in 0 sizes
Available in 0 sizes
Available in 0 sizes
Available in 4 sizes
Available in 0 sizes
Available in 0 sizes
Available in 0 sizes
[variétés]
To ensure you have a resilient rose, choose those with the German ADR label. It evaluates both the flowering, the overall aesthetics of the plant, as well as resistance to diseases and adaptation to various climatic conditions. It guarantees a rose with good hardiness and the ability to thrive without the use of chemical treatments.
These are hybrid tea roses: they are perpetual varieties that form dense and ramified bushes, shorter than shrub roses, and are suitable for mass planting or borders. The flowers are splendid: large, double, often turbinate. They are perfect for making bouquets!

Rosa La France
- Flowering time July to December
- Height at maturity 1 m

Rosa 'Black Baccara' - Hybrid Tea Rose
- Flowering time July to October
- Height at maturity 90 cm

Rosa 'Madame A. Meilland' - Peace Rose - Hybrid Tea Rose
- Flowering time July to November
- Height at maturity 90 cm
Discover our wide range of large flowered bush roses.
These are Polyantha and floribunda roses. They are perpetual varieties that offer flowering in bouquets grouping a minimum of three and up to twenty flowers. Plant them in mass, in borders or as hedges.

Rosa 'Fée des neiges' (Iceberg) - Shrub Rose
- Flowering time July to November
- Height at maturity 1,30 m

Rosa Garden of Roses
- Flowering time July to October
- Height at maturity 50 cm

Rosa Amber Queen - Floribunda Rose
- Flowering time July to November
- Height at maturity 60 cm
Discover our cluster flowered bush roses.
This group includes old varieties (musk roses and rugosa roses), but also more modern roses, called “landscape” roses. Shrub roses differ from bush roses by their greater height. They are perfect for mass planting but can also be planted as solitary specimens.

Rosa x rugosa 'Roseraie de l'Haÿ' - Rugosa Rose
- Flowering time June to November
- Height at maturity 2 m

Rosa Westerland (Korwest) - Hybrid Shrub Rose
- Flowering time July to November
- Height at maturity 1,75 m

Rosa Nevada
- Flowering time July to September
- Height at maturity 1,50 m
Find all our shrub roses!
Ground cover roses are low varieties that spread easily. They are perpetual and usually bear flowers grouped in bouquets. Among them are the ground cover roses! You can plant them on a slope or in borders.

Rosa Decorosier Emera - Shrub rose
- Flowering time June to November
- Height at maturity 70 cm

Rosa x polyantha The Fairy - Groundcover Rose
- Flowering time August to November
- Height at maturity 80 cm

Rosa Decorosiers Calizia - Shrub Rose
- Flowering time June to November
- Height at maturity 70 cm
Find all our ground cover roses!
Dwarf roses measure less than 50 centimetres in height and are perfect for pot cultivation, placed for example on a terrace or balcony! They have small leaves and offer generous, perpetual flowering.

Rosa x polyantha - Lilliputs - 'Little Sunset' - Miniature Rose
- Flowering time June to October
- Height at maturity 40 cm

Rosa x polyantha 'Charmant' - Miniature Rose
- Flowering time June to October
- Height at maturity 40 cm

Rosa Sweet Dream
- Flowering time July to November
- Height at maturity 40 cm
Discover our range of dwarf and miniature roses in the nursery!
These varieties have long stems that allow them to cling to their support. They are perfect for dressing the wall of a house or for climbing on a pergola or arbour.

Rosa Pierre de Ronsard - Climbing Rose
- Flowering time July to November
- Height at maturity 2 m

Rosa Ghislaine de Féligonde - Climbing Rose
- Flowering time July to November
- Height at maturity 3 m

Rosa x Bourbon 'Zéphirine Drouhin' - Climbing Rose
- Flowering time July to November
- Height at maturity 3 m
Discover our stunning climbing roses!
These are particularly vigorous climbing roses. They have a rapid growth and take little time to cover a facade or climb a tree, to which they cling with their thorns. Their flowering is abundant, but most of them are not perpetual.

Rosa banksiae 'Lutea' - Rambling Rose
- Flowering time May to July
- Height at maturity 12 m

Rosa x wichuraiana 'Albertine' - Rambling Rose
- Flowering time June to August
- Height at maturity 6 m

Rosa x moschata 'Paul's Himalayan Musk' - Rambling Rose
- Flowering time July, August
- Height at maturity 8 m
Find our rambling roses!
Old roses can be single or double flowering. The flowers are fragrant and generally have a very delicate side. They are often not perpetual.

Rosa x Noisette 'Madame Alfred Carrière'
- Flowering time July to November
- Height at maturity 4 m

Rosa Jacques Cartier - Portland Rose
- Flowering time July to October
- Height at maturity 1,20 m

Rosa Ghislaine de Féligonde - Climbing Rose
- Flowering time July to November
- Height at maturity 3 m

Rosa Jacqueline du Pré - Hybrid Tea
- Flowering time July to November
- Height at maturity 1,30 m
Our old roses are a must-see!
English roses are bush or climbing varieties that offer double flowering, often fragrant. They are perpetual and are appreciated for their delicate and elegant appearance. They are generally David Austin cultivars.
→ Learn more with our guide How to choose an English rose

Rosa Graham Thomas - English Shrub Rose
- Flowering time July to November
- Height at maturity 1,50 m

Rosa 'William Shakespeare 2000' - English Rose
- Flowering time July to November
- Height at maturity 1,25 m

Rosa Gertrude Jekyll - English Rose
- Flowering time June to November
- Height at maturity 1,20 m
Discover our range of English roses!
Read also
Propagate roses: when and how?Young plantation
Where to plant?
Install your roses in full sun or under light shade. Sunlight ensures beautiful flowering, although some varieties can tolerate shaded conditions.
Roses are greedy plants that appreciate soils rich in organic matter. It is advisable to add well-decomposed manure or compost. Your rose will thrive in deep, well-draining soil. Moisture must be able to escape to prevent the onset of fungal diseases. If your soil is heavy and clayey, ensure proper drainage. Avoid overly calcareous soils that may lead to chlorosis (yellowing of the foliage), unless the rootstock is Rosa canina, which tolerates lime well.
Choose a sheltered spot from the wind, but open. Avoid overly confined locations (for example, wedged against a wall and other plants). Air must be able to circulate to prevent the development of diseases. Similarly, do not plant your rose in a spot where one has already been, to limit the risk of transmitting fungal diseases.
When to plant?
The best time to plant roses is in autumn with bare roots. However, if your soil is heavy and clayey, it is better to wait until the end of winter to plant them. If you buy them bare-root, you can reasonably plant them between late autumn and early spring (from November to March), while container-grown roses can be planted all year round. Avoid especially periods of frost or extreme heat.
→ Read also: When to plant roses?
How to plant?
- Start by pruning the branches to about thirty centimetres. Also shorten the roots.
- Place the root ball in a basin filled with water to rehydrate it and facilitate recovery.
- Dug a hole large enough, ideally about 50 centimetres deep. Add well-decomposed compost or manure as roses appreciate soils rich in organic matter. If your soil is heavy and clayey, work on the drainage by adding gravel or pumice, for example.
- Gently untangle the roots.
- Place the root ball in the planting hole. You can position the grafting point very slightly above soil level. Indeed, it is traditionally advised not to bury the grafting point. This is especially preferable if your soil is not well-suited for growing roses (limey soil…). However, you can also choose to bury the grafting point. If you live in a region with a harsh climate, this will help protect it from the cold.
- Replace the soil and firm it down. You can create a watering basin.
- Water generously.
Continue to water regularly during the first year. You can install mulch or a ground cover plant at the base to limit the growth of weeds and keep the soil cool for longer.
Some roses, especially dwarf varieties, adapt very well to pot cultivation! Learn more with our advice sheet Growing a rose in a pot
To learn more, discover our advice sheet on planting roses! Read also: Bare root roses in clumps: the right compromise and How to plant a climbing rose?
For everything you need to know about planting roses, check out our illustrated advice sheet: “Roses: how to plant them in pots or bare roots”
Maintenance and pruning
Roses are delicate plants that require a bit of maintenance. We advise you to regularly cut off the faded flowers, so as not to unnecessarily exhaust the plant, unless you wish to obtain rose hips. In addition to the aesthetic interest, removing these faded flowers will encourage the appearance of the next blooms.
Roses are greedy plants. We advise you to add fertiliser at the beginning of spring, before flowering. Make a second application of fertiliser in June-July. Choose one that is especially rich in potash, and, if possible, magnesium. You can also use an organic amendment: crushed horn, dried blood…
Roses require watering especially during dry periods. At other times, they can do without it. Water at the base of the bush, avoiding wetting the foliage, which would encourage the development of diseases. Water regularly in the year of planting. Watering should be much more frequent if you are growing your rose in a pot rather than in the ground. By installing a layer of mulch at the base of your rose, you can significantly reduce watering and weeding. Choose, for example, dead leaves or ramial chipped wood (BRF), but avoid pine bark.
Roses are sensitive to powdery mildew, rust, and black spot disease. Powdery mildew is identified by the appearance of a white fluff on the leaves, while rust is recognised by small rust-coloured pustules on the leaves. As for black spot disease, it is caused by the fungus Marsonia. It is characterised by brown spots on the leaves. These spots discolour and turn yellow. Against these diseases, you can use nettle manure, horsetail decoctions, or a fungicidal. Roses are also frequently attacked by aphids.
Having a problem with your rose? Discover our advice sheets: “Rose Diseases – Identification and Treatments” and “Roses: Aphids and Other Pests”, Help for Spots on My Roses!; How to Revive an Old Climbing Rose?
And our podcast:
→ Learn more about plant galls, which can affect the rose.
Roses are generally grafted, but they can produce suckers, vigorous shoots that grow quickly and start below the grafting point. They should be removed by cutting them at the base.
To maintain a harmonious shape and provide generous flowering, roses need to be pruned regularly.
Consult our advice sheets and video tutorials on the subject:
- Pruning Roses
- How to Prune Old Roses?
- Pruning Modern Roses
- How to Mulch Roses?
- Why Isn’t My Rose Blooming?
- When and How to Prune a Standard or Weeping Rose?
- as well as Olivier’s mood piece: How to Fail… at Pruning Roses?
Multiplication
Sowing
Sowing roses is quite easy. Sowing seeds from horticultural varieties may yield random results in terms of flower colours and shapes, but you can try hybridising your varieties this way! Sowing botanical species will provide a more reliable outcome. Sowing species also allows for the production of subjects that can serve as rootstocks.
- Harvest the rose hips, then dry them before extracting the seeds. Rose seeds require a cold period to break their dormancy (vernalisation). To do this, mix the seeds with sand, then place them in the refrigerator for one to two months.
- Remove the seeds.
- Fill a pot with a mixture of potting soil and sand. Firm it down and water to moisten the substrate.
- Sow the seeds.
- Cover them with a thin layer of sand.
- Place the pot in a shaded and cool location.
Grafting
Most commercially available roses are the result of grafting. You can graft your roses using the shield technique. Preferably use Rosa multiflora or Rosa laxa as rootstocks, unless your soil is calcareous: in that case, you should choose Rosa canina (the dog rose).
Intervene in summer, around August. Select and cut a healthy shoot from the variety you wish to propagate. Prepare it by removing the leaves and thorns but leaving the petioles in place. Take a bud with its petiole by carefully incising the bark. If there is wood beneath the bud, you need to remove it. Then, on the rootstock, near the collar, make a T-shaped incision to open the bark without cutting into the wood (you will feel resistance when you reach the wood). Next, insert the shield, and if it slightly protrudes, trim the edges. Then tie the grafting point, leaving the grafted bud exposed.
→ Learn more in our advice sheet How to graft roses: the shield technique.
Propagation by Cuttings
Roses are propagated by cuttings at the end of summer, using semi-ripe shoots.
For more information, check out our advice sheet on rose propagation by cuttings, and Olivier’s video: When and how to take rose cuttings? Also discover the film La fine fleur which discusses the hybridisation of roses.
Association
Roses are undoubtedly an essential element for a romantic garden! Their fragrant flowering adds a lot of charm and delicacy to the garden. You can pair them with the delicate flowering of Weigelias and Deutzias. Also enjoy the white and airy flowering of gypsophilas, Crambe cordifolia, or Gillenias.

For a romantic flowerbed, combine blooms in soft shades: Rose ‘Gertrude Jekyll’, Weigelia florida ‘Nana Variegata’, Deutzia gracilis, and Delphinium (Photo: Friedrich Strauss – Biosphoto)
Don’t hesitate to install perennials or ground cover plants at the base of your roses, they make beautiful duos. This will help dress their sometimes bare base, limit the growth of weeds… And, depending on the chosen plant, bring colours even when the rose is no longer in bloom. You can choose alchemillas, hardy geraniums, or heucheras.
Roses come in a wide range of shades… take advantage of it to play with colours! You can create a stunning orange scene by pairing the rose ‘Grace’ and the heuchera ‘Marmelade’. You can also surround your roses with darker plants to highlight their bright blooms. If you pair them with other light shades, you will achieve a soft flowerbed. In general, roses pair very well with blue flowering plants in spikes, such as lavenders, nepeta, or sages, but also with delphiniums, aconites, or campanulas. A deep and intense blue can create a stunning contrast!
Pair intense red roses with the pure white blooms of astilbes or Gillenia! Generally, we recommend marrying your roses especially with other plants in pastel shades: soft pink, white, mauve, blue. Also enjoy plants with silver foliage: the softness of Stachys bizantina, or the finely cut foliage of Artemisia.

Play with colours by creating harmonies or contrasts! Rose ‘Grace’ and Heuchère ‘Marmelade’ (Photo: Howard Rice – GAP Photos) / Rose ‘Sir John Betjaman’ and Gillenia trifoliata (Photo: Nicola Stocken – GAP Photos) / Rose ‘The Fairy’ and Gypsophila rosenschleier (Photo: Pernilla Bergdahl – GAP Photos)
Clematis are perfect for accompanying roses! They come in a wide range of colours and shapes. You can train a climbing rose and a clematis side by side on a facade or pergola.
Roses can also be part of a wild and natural garden! Choose botanical roses, or at least varieties with simple flowers, such as Rosa chinensis ‘Mutabilis’… And pair them with light blooms: gypsophilas, alliums, asters, nigellas, erigeron karvinskianus, or even poppies and cosmos… Don’t hesitate to add some grasses: pennisetum, stipa, or calamagrostis. You can also enjoy the delicate flowering of astrances, foxgloves, or squills.
→ Read also Grasses and roses: a winning combination and Garden naturally with botanical and wild roses
Need more ideas? Follow Olivier as he presents beautiful combinations in this video:
Did you know?
- Hips Jam
You can make jam with the hips produced by rose bushes in autumn. These berries are very high in vitamin C and boost the immune system. Preferably use those from the dog rose, Rosa canina, or those from Rosa rugosa. They are commonly referred to as “itchy bum” due to the urticating hairs contained in the berries. These need to be removed, along with the achenes, to consume only the pulp and skin.
- Various Uses!
Aside from hips jam, rose bushes are widely used in cosmetics and perfumery.
Rose petals are edible. You can add them to your salads. Dried, they can be used in potpourri, for decoration, or in infusions. Rose water (or hydrosol, obtained from Rosa damascena or Rosa centifolia) is known for its many benefits for the skin. Damask rose is also used in essential oil form. Of course, the rose is also an irreplaceable plant in bouquets or decorations, for example, for weddings. Finally, depending on the countries and regions of the world, hips are used to make decoctions, ice cream, juice, beer, or liqueur…
- Longevity Record
In Germany, the Hildesheim rose bush is considered the oldest in the world. Legends say it is over a thousand years old. Its true age is uncertain, but it is confirmed to be at least 400 years old. It survived the bombings of 1945: the rose bush and the cathedral against which it grows were damaged, but shoots sprouted from beneath the ruins.
- Rose Gardens to Visit!
In France, there are some beautiful collections of roses. For instance, the rose garden of Val de Marne, in L’Haÿ-les-Roses, near Paris, is a superb modern rose garden, boasting over 3,000 varieties. The three rose gardens in the Parc de la Tête d’Or in Lyon are also worth a visit! And in Germany, the Sangerhausen Rose Garden has the largest collection of roses in the world, with over 8,000 varieties.
- Curiosities – Unusual and Original Roses!
Roses offer such diversity that there are several astonishing or strange varieties! For example, Rosa chinensis ‘viridiflora’ has green flowers, as they are composed not of petals, but of numerous elongated bracts, sometimes marked with red. Similarly, while the vast majority of botanical roses, and even Rosaceae, have five petals and sepals, Rosa sericea is a surprising rose with four petals and four sepals. As for Rosa omeiensis ‘Pteracantha’, its stems bear very large, translucent red thorns. There are also moss roses, whose flower buds are covered with a kind of “moss” made up of epidermal outgrowths. Finally, the ‘Wild Strawberry’ rose bears flower buds that never open! The size, red colour, and conical shape of its buds resemble small strawberries.

Rosa omeiensis ‘Pteracantha’ (photo Pancrat), Rosa chinensis ‘Viridiflora’ and Moss Rose ‘Marie de Blois’ (photo Salicyna)
Useful resources
- Our video tips: How to plant a rose in bare roots?, How to prune old roses?, Pruning modern roses, When and how to take cuttings of roses?, Climbing roses;
- Discover our advice sheets on the cultivation and care of roses: Roses – How to plant them, Taking cuttings of roses – When and how, Pruning roses and When to prune roses?, Fertiliser for roses, Help, there are spots on my roses!, When and how to prune a standard or weeping rose?, Why are roses grafted?, What is a rootstock and which one to choose?; Plant galls: what are they?, Planting a rose in a very cold climate, How to remove an old rose?, How to rejuvenate an old climbing rose?; 8 misconceptions about roses, Help: my rose is suffering from drought; Our secrets for flourishing potted roses!; The best mulches for roses: choosing and applying the right mulch; Rose suckers: why and how to eliminate them?
- Discover all our tips for choosing a climbing rose for container growing, successfully growing climbing roses in pots, Banks Rose: Successfully growing it and Banks Roses: discover these exuberant liana roses!
- Discover our advice on roses according to their use or location: 8 perfect roses for pots, 10 roses for pergolas, Choosing a climbing rose, How to choose a liana rose?, Hedge of roses: the 10 best varieties, How to choose a ground cover rose?, The best roses for Mediterranean climates, How to choose an English rose?, 10 summer-flowering bushes to have in your garden, 5 climbing plants that won’t damage walls, 7 roses for shady gardens, 7 climbing roses with exceptional fragrances, 6 ground cover roses with white flowers; the 9 most beautiful old roses; 5 climbing roses with yellow flowers; 6 ground cover roses with yellow flowers, What to plant at the base of roses?, Which roses for a bank?; Which rose to flower an arch?; Roses: the best varieties for dry soil; 5 roses to border a path
- Advice sheets on the great names of roses: The most beautiful Kordes roses, The most beautiful Delbard roses, The most beautiful Meilland roses, the most beautiful Guillot roses
- Our landscaping tips around roses: How to create a rose garden? and 6 tips for creating a beautiful rose bed, 7 ideas for creating beautiful summer planters, Add a touch of originality to your garden with these 7 unusual roses; Garden naturally with botanical and wild roses
- Our culinary and olfactory advice around roses: Cooking with roses, The recipe for rose petal jam and the fragrance of roses, 10 tips for making beautiful rose bouquets, 10 fragrant roses with pink flowers, 6 very fragrant white roses, 7 climbing roses with exceptional fragrances, 9 very fragrant red roses; 7 fragrant yellow roses; The best roses for enchanting and fragrant bouquets
- Discover our selection of pink roses: 10 bush roses with pink flowers, 9 bush roses with large pink flowers, 8 dwarf roses with pink flowers, 10 ground cover roses with pink flowers, 10 fragrant roses with pink flowers, 9 old roses with pink flowers, 9 roses with eglantine flowers in pink, 8 liana roses with pink flowers, 8 climbing roses with pink flowers, Our selection of climbing roses with pink flowers
- Discover our selection of white roses: 7 David Austin English roses with white flowers, 8 climbing roses with white flowers; 10 liana roses with white flowers, 6 very fragrant white roses, 7 bush roses with large white flowers, 5 roses with eglantine flowers in white? 5 bush roses with white flowers, 6 ground cover roses with white flowers
- Discover our selection of red roses: 7 climbing roses with red flowers, 7 English roses with red flowers; 7 roses with eglantine flowers in red; 6 bush roses with large red flowers; 8 ground cover roses with red flowers
- Discover our selection of yellow roses: 6 bush roses with large yellow flowers; 5 climbing roses with yellow flowers; 5 roses with eglantine flowers in yellow; 6 ground cover roses with yellow flowers; 7 fragrant yellow roses; 9 David Austin English roses with yellow flowers
- Discover our selection of orange roses: 5 climbing roses with orange flowers; 9 David Austin roses with orange flowers; 7 bush roses with large orange flowers; Climbing roses with yellow and orange flowers to brighten the garden!
- Original roses: 5 bicoloured roses for an elegant and original garden.
- Visit the village of Chédigny, the village of roses with Gwenaëlle
- Our article on the film La fine fleur (2021)
- Our new roses for Autumn 2023 and our new roses for Autumn 2024: it’s worth reading in the blog!
- Advice sheet: The most beautiful decor roses, the most beautiful eglantine-flowered roses and the most beautiful variegated roses, 12 thornless or nearly thornless roses, Cutie Pie: an adorable miniature thornless rose!, 8 small-flowered roses to have in your garden
- Advice sheets: The roses of artists, The roses of the 7th art, The roses of history, The roses and music, The roses of legends, Roses for children of all ages, The roses of poets and writers, Roses for travelling, The language of roses
- Rose-based treatments in our tutorials: How to make a rose lotion for soft and hydrated skin?
- Our advice sheets for caring for your roses: Rose canker: symptoms, treatments and prevention
Frequently asked questions
-
The foliage of my rose bush is turning yellow. What should I do?
This is likely a case of iron chlorosis. The foliage discolours between the veins because the rose bush lacks iron and other mineral elements necessary for good photosynthesis. We recommend adding chelated iron and regularly feeding your rose bush with fertiliser. It can also be caused by black spot disease, which causes a yellowed, discoloured area to appear on the leaves around brown spots.
-
The leaves of my rose bush are covered in a white fluff! What should I do?
Your rose bush is affected by powdery mildew, a fungal disease encouraged by a combination of heat and humidity. To prevent its spread, we suggest removing and burning the affected leaves. You can spray with bicarbonate of soda or a horsetail decoction.
-
The leaves of my rose bush have small orange pustules!
It is rust, a disease caused by a fungus. Here too, we advise you to cut and burn the affected parts. Treat with a horsetail decoction.
-
The leaves of my rose bush have black spots!
This is a disease caused by the fungus Marsonia. It is one of the three most common diseases affecting roses. Use a horsetail decoction to get rid of it.
- Subscribe!
- Contents
Comments