Convallaria majalis - Lily of the Valley

The Convallaria majalis is the true lily of the valley that grows in our woodland. This small perennial plant is an emblem of the month of May and has a beautiful, pure white bell-shaped flower that perfumes the garden. It is a rhizomatous perennial that prefers partial shade and coolness but is not very demanding regarding soil, climate, and exposure. The Lily of the Valley is a plant often associated with legends and good luck. It grows well alongside Periwinkles and Bleeding Hearts in the garden and can also be used to create beautiful flowering pots and mixed planters.

The Convallaria majalis, commonly known as Lily of the Valley, May Lily, is a perennial plant belonging to the Asparagus or Lily family. This hardy and spreading plant can be found in the cool temperate regions of Northern and Western Europe, Western and Boreal Asia, and North America and can grow up to 2000m (6561.7 ft) altitude. It grows spontaneously in most areas, particularly on limestone soil.

Lily of the valley is a plant that grows in tufts and can reach a height of 15 to 20cm (7.9 in). It spreads by colonising the ground using its fleshy roots over large areas, but only if favourable conditions exist. The roots of the plant can be quite deep. In spring, the leaves and flower stems emerge directly from the rhizome. The naked flower stalks stand upright and are surrounded at the base by the sheaths of 2 large lanceolate basal leaves. These leaves are 3 to 6cm (2.4 in) wide and 10 to 15cm (5.9 in) long, thick, veined and of a bright medium green colour. Depending on the climate, the plant produces clusters of very fragrant small flowers shaped like little bells from April to June. These flowers are arranged unilaterally on the stem and last 2 to 3 weeks. Following the flowering, small red berries form, which are toxic to humans.

Very hardy and easy to grow, the Lily of the Valley grows everywhere, in the sun and shade, but requires a light soil that retains some moisture to flower well and spread abundantly. Plant it on the edge of the undergrowth, as a border in an east-facing position, near a walkway to enjoy its fragrance. Combine it with Bleeding Hearts, Mondo Grass, Periwinkles, Dead Nettles, or Barrenworts.

In its natural environment, the Lily of the Valley is an excellent indicator of the age and biodiversity of the forest.