

Common ash seeds - Fraxinus excelsior


Common ash seeds - Fraxinus excelsior


Common ash seeds - Fraxinus excelsior


Common ash seeds - Fraxinus excelsior


Common ash seeds - Fraxinus excelsior
Common ash seeds - Fraxinus excelsior
Fraxinus excelsior
European Ash, Common Ash
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Description
Growing Fraxinus excelsior, the common ash, from seeds offers the opportunity to watch this majestic tree grow from its earliest stages of development. Its seeds, enclosed in elongated samaras, ripen in autumn and require winter stratification to break their dormancy. They will develop into a tree with an upright habit, whose straight trunk supports light and elegant branches. The ash bears dark green lanceolate foliage whose golden autumn colour illuminates the landscape. It can be planted to provide shade in a large garden.
Fraxinus excelsior, better known as the common ash or European ash, belongs to the Oleaceae family. This tree is native to Europe, Scandinavia and Russia, where it readily colonises riverbanks and cool, deep forests. Adapted to moist soils, it plays an important ecological role in stabilising banks and hosting rich biodiversity. Its naturally upright habit gives it an elegant and slender silhouette. It develops a straight, well-defined trunk, topped with a compact and elongated crown when young, which gradually opens up with age to become more airy. Its smooth and greyish young bark becomes fissured over the years, adopting a cracked and scaly appearance. With relatively fast growth, it can reach between 30 and 40 metres in height at maturity, with a spread of around 20 metres. Its deciduous foliage consists of light leaves, composed of 9 to 13 narrow, lanceolate leaflets, measuring between 5 and 12 cm long. Dark green in summer, they turn golden yellow in autumn before falling. Common ash flowers in spring, before the leaves appear. Small cream-yellow flowers, clustered in panicles, bloom discreetly on the branches. After pollination, they produce dry fruits called samaras, measuring 2 to 4.5 cm long, which disperse with the wind and ensure the tree's reproduction.
Perfectly hardy and with limited requirements, common ash tolerates all types of non-scorching exposures and adapts to any ordinary soil, including limestone. Its growth will be more significant in fertile, deep and moist soil. It tolerates pruning very well, even severe pruning, as it produces new shoots from the stump. If conditions suit it, it tends to self-seed very easily. In its natural form, its foliage and elegant habit give it genuine ornamental qualities. It will find its place as a standalone feature in a large garden, where it will provide pleasant shade in summer.
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Common ash seeds - Fraxinus excelsior in pictures




Flowering
Foliage
Plant habit
Safety measures
Botanical data
Fraxinus
excelsior
Oleaceae
European Ash, Common Ash
Western Europe, Central Europe
atteinterespiratoire
Cette plante peut entraîner des symptômes allergiques.
Evitez de la planter si vous ou vos proches souffrez de rhinite saisonnière ("rhume des foins").
Davantage d'informations sur https://plantes-risque.info
Other Fraxinus - Ash tree
View all →Planting and care
To sow common ash seeds (Fraxinus excelsior), several steps are required.
Begin with cold stratification: place the seeds in a moist substrate, such as sand or peat, and keep them in the refrigerator at a temperature between 1 and 5°C for about 2 to 4 months. This cold period simulates the winter conditions needed to break the seed's dormancy. After stratification, in early spring, sow the seeds by lightly covering them in a mix of potting compost and sand, in pots or directly in a nursery bed. Keep the substrate moist but not waterlogged and place the sowings in a bright spot, but out of direct sunlight.
Once the young plants have reached a height of 15 to 20 cm and display several pairs of leaves, they are ready for transplanting. Choose a permanent location with sufficient space. Prepare a planting hole of about 60 x 60 cm, loosen the soil well, and if possible, incorporate organic matter such as compost to enrich the substrate. Position the young plant, ensuring the collar is level with the soil, backfill the hole, firm gently and water thoroughly. It is advisable to stake the plant to protect it from winds and ensure good root establishment.
Common ash is a hardy species that adapts to a variety of soils, though it prefers deep, moist to wet soils and tolerates chalky soils. It is sensitive to drought and thrives in high atmospheric humidity. It is important to note that ash trees are currently endangered by ash dieback, a fungal disease caused by Hymenoscyphus fraxineus, which leads to severe tree decline. Before planting, it is advisable to check for the presence of this disease in your area and follow local forestry management recommendations.
Sowing period
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Planting & care advice
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Hardiness is the lowest winter temperature a plant can endure without suffering serious damage or even dying. However, hardiness is affected by location (a sheltered area, such as a patio), protection (winter cover) and soil type (hardiness is improved by well-drained soil).

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The flowering period indicated on our website applies to countries and regions located in USDA zone 8 (France, the United Kingdom, Ireland, the Netherlands, etc.)
It will vary according to where you live:
- In zones 9 to 10 (Italy, Spain, Greece, etc.), flowering will occur about 2 to 4 weeks earlier.
- In zones 6 to 7 (Germany, Poland, Slovenia, and lower mountainous regions), flowering will be delayed by 2 to 3 weeks.
- In zone 5 (Central Europe, Scandinavia), blooming will be delayed by 3 to 5 weeks.
In temperate climates, pruning of spring-flowering shrubs (forsythia, spireas, etc.) should be done just after flowering.
Pruning of summer-flowering shrubs (Indian Lilac, Perovskia, etc.) can be done in winter or spring.
In cold regions as well as with frost-sensitive plants, avoid pruning too early when severe frosts may still occur.
The planting period indicated on our website applies to countries and regions located in USDA zone 8 (France, United Kingdom, Ireland, Netherlands).
It will vary according to where you live:
- In Mediterranean zones (Marseille, Madrid, Milan, etc.), autumn and winter are the best planting periods.
- In continental zones (Strasbourg, Munich, Vienna, etc.), delay planting by 2 to 3 weeks in spring and bring it forward by 2 to 4 weeks in autumn.
- In mountainous regions (the Alps, Pyrenees, Carpathians, etc.), it is best to plant in late spring (May-June) or late summer (August-September).
The harvesting period indicated on our website applies to countries and regions in USDA zone 8 (France, England, Ireland, the Netherlands).
In colder areas (Scandinavia, Poland, Austria...) fruit and vegetable harvests are likely to be delayed by 3-4 weeks.
In warmer areas (Italy, Spain, Greece, etc.), harvesting will probably take place earlier, depending on weather conditions.
The sowing periods indicated on our website apply to countries and regions within USDA Zone 8 (France, UK, Ireland, Netherlands).
In colder areas (Scandinavia, Poland, Austria...), delay any outdoor sowing by 3-4 weeks, or sow under glass.
In warmer climes (Italy, Spain, Greece, etc.), bring outdoor sowing forward by a few weeks.