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Fritillaria imperialis Prolifera - Grande Fritillaire, Fritillaire impériale, Couronne impériale

Fritillaria imperialis Prolifera

3,8/5
9 reviews
2 reviews
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4 reviews

Two bulbs were rotten, so it was impossible to plant them. The third was one-third rotten; I planted it but without any hope of it taking root. Please propose a solution.

Fabienne , 01/12/2025

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This plant carries a 6 months recovery warranty

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This bulbous plant produces in spring a tall, upright stem crowned with two tiers of orange to red bells under a tuft of green bracts. It does not go unnoticed in sunny beds and borders. The crown imperial thrives in deep, fertile, well-drained soil in a warm, sunny position. Its foliage naturally yellows after flowering when the bulb enters dormancy.
Flower size
5 cm
Height at maturity
1.10 m
Spread at maturity
30 cm
Exposure
Sun
Hardiness
Hardy down to -15°C
Soil moisture
Moist soil
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Best planting time September to October
Recommended planting time September to November
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Flowering time April to May
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Description

Fritillaria imperialis 'Prolifera' is an old variety of crown imperial, spectacular for its two-tiered flowering. At the top of each stem, its large, reddish-orange bells are arranged in superimposed crowns, topped by a tuft of green bracts. This very upright, emerging silhouette catches the eye in a spring border. It is planted in small groups, in deep, fertile, well-drained soil.

This imperial fritillary belongs to the Liliaceae family. The type species is also called crown imperial or, more locally, rattlesnake herb, on account of its large, pendulous flowers. In the wild, Fritillaria imperialis grows in mountainous regions of western Asia, from Turkey to Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan and the western Himalayas. It is mainly found on rocky slopes, in open habitats, under a cool mountain climate and in well-drained soils. It is a bulbous perennial, or geophyte: it stores its reserves in a large scaly bulb, grows vigorously in spring, flowers, then its foliage yellows before dying back in summer. 'Prolifera' is a very old horticultural selection, noted for its so-called "crown upon crown" flowering. It differs from the type species by having a greater number of flowers and two superimposed crowns of flowers. The plant develops a thick, very straight stem, clad in bright green, glossy, lanceolate leaves arranged in tiers around the stem. At maturity it reaches 1 to 1.50 m tall in flower. The bulb may produce bulbil offsets over time, but the plant stays modestly in place. Flowering occurs in April or May, depending on the climate. The flowers, in the shape of pendulous bells, about 5 cm across, have six fleshy segments of a deep reddish-orange. They are topped by a tuft of green bracts that accentuates the crown effect. Like many imperial fritillaries, the plant gives off a strong, foxy smell, mainly from the bulb and stems when broken or crushed. The foliage is deciduous: it dries after flowering, a sign that the bulb is replenishing its reserves.
The proliferous forms of crown imperial are among the oldest bulbs cultivated in Europe, already sought after by Renaissance collectors.

In the garden, this Prolifera fritillary is best planted in groups of three or five bulbs, not too crowded. It gives substance to a border before the summer perennials arrive and slips between plants whose foliage will take over. It will look superb with the coppery flowers of the Triumph tulip 'Brown Sugar' and the orange-yellow of the daffodil 'Red Devon'. A few bulbs of Muscari latifolium 'Grape Ice' will temper this warm colour palette. The Parrot tulip 'James Last', in pinkish mauve and salmon, will form a softer, almost retro association, very suitable for a vicar's garden or a sophisticated spring border.

This fritillary likes moist, very well-drained soils, even poor ones. The stink-bug smell of the bulb deters moles but not field mice. A gravel bed at planting time will partly protect against rodents. Growing in a deep, well-drained pot, overwintered in a cold frame, is best reserved for rare species.


 

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Fritillary: planting, cultivation, maintenance
Family sheet
by Virginie T. 15 min.
Fritillary: planting, cultivation, maintenance
Read article

Fritillaria imperialis Prolifera - Grande Fritillaire, Fritillaire impériale, Couronne impériale in pictures

Fritillaria imperialis Prolifera - Grande Fritillaire, Fritillaire impériale, Couronne impériale (Flowering) Flowering
Fritillaria imperialis Prolifera - Grande Fritillaire, Fritillaire impériale, Couronne impériale (Plant habit) Plant habit

Plant habit

Height at maturity 1.10 m
Spread at maturity 30 cm
Growth rate normal

Flowering

Flower colour orange
Flowering time April to May
Flower size 5 cm

Foliage

Foliage persistence Deciduous
Foliage colour green

Botanical data

Genus

Fritillaria

Species

imperialis

Cultivar

Prolifera

Family

Liliaceae

Botanical synonyms

Imperialis comosa, Petilium imperiale

Origin

Cultivar or hybrid

Product reference544931

Planting and care

Plant the bulbs of Fritillaria imperialis Prolifera in autumn, from September to November, as soon as they arrive, as they do not tolerate prolonged storage. Choose a warm, sunny position, sheltered from strong winds that can lay the tall flower stalks. This plant requires deep, fertile soil, preferably loamy or humus-bearing, but above all very well-drained; in heavy soil, lighten generously with gravel, coarse sand or mature compost, and plant on a slight mound if water stagnates in winter. Place the bulbs 20-30 cm deep, spaced about 25-30 cm apart, positioning them slightly on their side to prevent water from collecting in the central cavity. Water after planting, then only in spring if the weather turns dry. After flowering, allow the foliage to yellow naturally: it feeds the bulb for the following year. Avoid moving the plant once established. The clumps can be divided if necessary in late summer, when the bulbs are dormant.

Planting period

Best planting time September to October
Recommended planting time September to November
Planting depth 20 cm

Intended location

Suitable for Meadow
Type of use Border, Free-standing
Hardiness Hardy down to -15°C (USDA zone 7b) Show map
Ease of cultivation Amateur
Planting density 20 per m2
Exposure Sun
Soil pH Neutral
Soil moisture Moist soil rich and well-drained

Care

Pruning No pruning necessary
Soil moisture Moist soil
Disease resistance Good
Overwinter Can be left in the ground
3,8/5

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