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Hamamelis virginiana - Virginian Witch Hazel

Hamamelis virginiana - Virginian Witch Hazel

Hamamelis virginiana
Virginian Witch Hazel, American Witch Hazel, Snapping Hazel Nut, Spotted Alder, Winter Bloom

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This variety is attractive with its early autumn flowering, fragrant and bright yellow, and its golden yellow autumn foliage. It is a large deciduous bush that is very hardy and can grow well in full sun, partial shade, or shade. It thrives in cool, light, non-calcareous soil. This witch hazel is ideal for adding life to the garden at the end of the season, in an informal hedge or under large trees.

Flower size

2 cm

Height at maturity

4 m

Spread at maturity

3.50 m

Exposure

Sun, Partial shade, Shade

Hardiness

Hardy down to -23.5°C

Soil moisture

Moist soil

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Best planting time March, October

Recommended planting time February to May, October to December

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Flowering time October to November

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Description

Hamamelis virginiana, commonly known as Witch Hazel, is a North American botanical species that stands out from other witch hazels for its early flowering, which can be enjoyed as early as autumn. One of the first to bloom in the garden, this witch hazel offers a distinctly bright yellow flowering that is pleasantly fragrant, as its foliage begins to fall. Its fruiting, also yellow, makes it a subject covered in gold at the end of the season. This bush brightens up autumn in large hedges and woodlands. Plant it in any exposure, preferably in a humus-rich and moist soil.

Hamamelis virginiana is native to a vast area ranging from Canada to southern Texas. Hamamelis belong to the witch hazel family, which also includes Loropetalum, Liquidambar, and Persian Ironwood, all of which invariably display foliage in fantastic colours. The Virginian witch hazel has a moderately fast growth rate and an average lifespan. Eventually, it forms a large, vigorous bush, with an upright habit during its youth, then becoming more spreading, with ascending branches. Its typical dimensions are approximately 4m (13ft) in height and 3.50m (11ft) in spread. Its deciduous foliage is composed of dentate or lobed leaves, 8 to 15cm (3 to 6in) long, resembling hazelnut leaves. They are a fairly light green on top, pubescent underneath, and turn golden yellow in autumn before falling. Its flowers are highly fragrant and a brilliant yellow. They bloom on the branches from October to November. Each flower consists of elongated petals, 2cm (1in) long, curiously crumpled, almost claw-like, resembling witch fingers. They are clustered together and visited by the last bees in search of nectar. After pollination, decorative fruits form in lignified capsules, 1.2cm (1in) in diameter, which turn yellow at maturity.

Hamamelis virginiana prefers soils rich in humus, low in limestone, and consistently moist and light. Partial shade exposure suits it perfectly, but it is very tolerant in this regard. Plant it on the edge of woodlands, under the cover of large trees, in a large free hedge. To accompany it, choose, for example, cornus (Cornus mas, Cornus officinalis, flowering dogwoods), or Davidia. It will also be magnificent in a border, combined with evergreen shrubs such as an autumn camellia or a large rhododendron if your soil and climate permit. At its base, you can plant, among others, winter heathers, heucheras, or even hellebores.

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Witch hazel: planting, growing, care, and pairing ideas

Family sheet

Modified the 18 November 2025 by Virginie T. 11 min.

Witch hazel: planting, growing, care, and pairing ideas

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Elegant and mysterious, long known as Witch Hazel, Hamamelis is the essential ornamental bush in winter. Its delightfully fragrant flowering and vibrant autumn foliage enliven the garden, which is dormant in the cold, creating an extraordinary tableau. Its reasonable adult size, relatively slow growth, and resistance to polluted atmospheres make it a perfect choice for small city gardens. While the compound Hamamelis, used in homeopathy and phytotherapy, is renowned for its beneficial properties, this small winter-flowering bush remains relatively unknown to the amateur gardener. Yet, along with Daphne and Sarcococca, it is one of the few fragrant shrubs in winter. The flowers of Hamamelis, with their spider-like shape and intoxicating scent, are particularly remarkable because they appear in the midst of winter when the garden is at rest and often bare. They resemble golden yellow, garnet, or coppery orange spiders and bloom on bare branches. You can create spectacular winter bouquets with its flowering branches. [caption id="attachment_9827" align="aligncenter" width="1172"]<a href="https://en.promessedefleurs.eu/shrubs/shrubs-by-variety/hamamelis-witch-hazel/hamamelis-intermedia-jelena-witch-hazel.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img class="size-full wp-image-9827" src="https://www.promessedefleurs.com/blogwp/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Hamamelis_fleur_hiver.jpg" alt="" width="1172" height="586" /></a> Hamamelis intermedia 'Jelena'[/caption] Its deciduous foliage also guarantees a spectacle in autumn as it turns to gold, copper, and red, all warm shades that ignite the garden. Its flourishing silhouette creates lovely focal points in borders. It is best used in isolation in a well-exposed spot, against a backdrop of permanent greenery but always close to the house to enjoy its fragrance. Hardy and easy to maintain and cultivate, Hamamelis thrives in full sun or partial shade and requires little attention. This shrub, which prefers acidic soils, can easily be paired with ericaceous plants that flower in winter such as Camellias, Azaleas, dwarf Rhododendrons, Sarcococcas, or Daphnes. Discover this unique little tree that brings a precious touch of light, fragrance, and mystery to the heart of winter.

Hamamelis virginiana - Virginian Witch Hazel in pictures

Flowering

Foliage

Plant habit

Height at maturity 4 m

Spread at maturity 3.50 m

Habit irregular, bushy

Growth rate normal

Flowering

Flower colour yellow

Flowering time October to November

Flower size 2 cm

Fragrance Fragrant,

Bee-friendly Attracts pollinators

Fruit colour yellow

Foliage

Foliage persistence Deciduous

Foliage colour green

Product reference • 19796

Planting and care

To fully enjoy the beauty of your Hamamelis virginiana, plant it in such a way that it stands out against a dark background of evergreen foliage. A partially shaded exposure would be ideal, preferable to scorching sunlight. It should be grown in slightly acidic soil (ericaceous soil), or at least in non-calcareous soil enriched with leaf compost.

Tip: Hamamelis are sensitive to calcareous soils, which they indicate by the summer yellowing of their leaves, followed by reduced flowering. To facilitate its growth, incorporate peat soil during planting. The soil should remain moist, even in summer. Mulching around the base of the plant will help maintain moisture.

Planting period

Best planting time March, October

Recommended planting time February to May, October to December

Intended location

Suitable for Meadow, Woodland edge, Undergrowth

Type of use Border, Hedge

Hardiness Hardy down to -23.5°C (USDA zone 6a) Show map

Ease of cultivation Amateur

Exposure Sun, Partial shade, Shade

Soil pH Acidic, Neutral

Soil type Silty-loamy (rich and light)

Soil moisture Moist soil, Deep, humus-rich