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Italian Mix Chicories - Cichorium intybus

Cichorium intybus
Chicory, Blue dandelion, Blue sailors, French endive, Succory, Coffee weed

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More information

Italian Mix chicories are biennial vegetable plants, 40 cm (16in) tall, of Italian varieties. Cultivated for their round and wide, whole and undulate leaves, they form a rosette of leaves or a head that is consumed raw in salads or cooked like spinach. The young shoots can also be consumed in mesclun. Sowing period is from June to August for a harvest 6 to 8 months after sowing.    
Ease of cultivation
Beginner
Height at maturity
40 cm
Spread at maturity
20 cm
Soil moisture
Moist soil
Germination time (days)
8 days
Sowing method
Direct sowing, Sowing under cover
Sowing period June to August
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Flowering time July to September
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Harvest time January to April, October to December
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Description

The Italian Mix chicories are vegetable plants that grow up to 40 cm (16in). They form a rosette or a head of leaves that can be eaten raw in salads, cooked like spinach, or harvested when young for mesclun. Sowing is done from June to August for a harvest 6 to 8 months later.

Wild chicory was already cultivated by the Greeks and Romans, and it originates from Europe, Asia, and North Africa. It should not be confused with curly endive and escarole, which appeared in France in the 14th century. In the Middle Ages, it was considered a magical plant.

Chicory leaves can be eaten raw in salads or as a garnish for dishes. They can also be cooked in juice, gratin, cream, braised, or in béchamel sauce. Chicory also has purifying and laxative properties.

Chicory plants require a well-decomposed compost (3 kg/m²).

 

Harvest: Chicories are harvested as needed.

Storage: They can be stored for a few days in a cool place after harvest.

Gardener's tip: Regular hoeing and weeding are recommended, and mulching is advised in case of drought.

Harvest

Harvest time January to April, October to December
Type of vegetable Leaf vegetable
Vegetable colour green
Size of vegetable Medium
Interest Flavour, Productive
Use Cooking

Plant habit

Height at maturity 40 cm
Spread at maturity 20 cm
Growth rate normal

Foliage

Foliage persistence Evergreen
Foliage colour medium green
Aromatic? Fragrant foliage when creased

Botanical data

Genus

Cichorium

Species

intybus

Family

Asteraceae

Other common names

Chicory, Blue dandelion, Blue sailors, French endive, Succory, Coffee weed

Origin

Cultivar or hybrid

Annual / Perennial

Biennial

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Planting and care

Sowing

from June to August.

The seeds are placed in a flat furrow 5 cm (2in) wide and 2 cm (1in) deep. The sowing must be clear and the seeds covered with a little fine soil (half a centimetre). The rows are then lightly firmed with the back of the rake. Germination takes about 8 days. The rows should be spaced 30 cm (12in) apart.

The plants will then be thinned every 15 cm (6in) along the row, they can also be transplanted elsewhere in the vegetable garden when the plants have 7 or 8 leaves.

 

Maintenance

 

To prevent diseases that attack chicory, such as powdery mildew or rust, it is important to regularly hoe and weed and practice a good crop rotation every 3 to 4 years. 

Watering should be plentiful and frequent. A blanket bog cover is beneficial.

This wild chicory is more resistant to frost than curly or escarole chicory, but it is best to protect them with a veil or tunnel during winter.

 

Seedlings

Sowing period June to August
Sowing method Direct sowing, Sowing under cover
Germination time (days) 8 days

Care

Soil moisture Wet
Disease resistance Good
Pruning No pruning necessary

Intended location

Type of use Vegetable garden
Hardiness Hardy down to -29°C (USDA zone 5) Show map
Ease of cultivation Beginner
Soil Light
Exposure Sun, Partial shade
Soil pH Any
Soil type Silty-loamy (rich and light), 130

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