Valeriana officinalis
Valeriana officinalis
Valeriana officinalis
Common Valerian
Very pleased – it's happy where I've put it and it's flowering. A real joy.
Sylvie , 15/09/2025
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Description
Valeriana officinalis, Common Valerian is an upright, clump-forming perennial herbaceous plant with quick growth, also known as the Hill Valerian. It flowers from May to July with fleshy stems bearing corymbs of small, flattened flowers, 3 to 5 mm (0in) long. They are a pretty pinkish-white and composed of 5 petals and 3 stamens followed by feathered oval achenes.
The green leaves of Valerian are deciduous and aromatic, 10 to 20 cm (4 to 8in) long, composed of 7 to 10 pairs of lanceolate, toothed leaflets. At full bloom, Valeriana officinalis can reach over 1.50 m (5ft) high. It is a very hardy plant that thrives in woodlands, marshes, rockeries, wet meadows, and along stream banks in its native central Europe It is widespread in mountain regions and naturalizes well in wild gardens. It readily self-seeds and sometimes establishes itself in curious places like cracks in a wall, but it can damage old or non-cemented walls, in a similar way to ivy.
It is also a melliferous plant, meaning it contains substances collected by pollinating insects or birds that transform into honey. Valerian, or "Heal-All," is a medicinal plant. Valerian root has a calming effect against anxiety and depression and promotes sleep.
Valeriana officinalis in pictures
Flowering
Foliage
Plant habit
Botanical data
Valeriana
officinalis
Valerianaceae
Common Valerian
Cultivar or hybrid
Planting and care
Valeriana officinalis loves full sun and thrives in partial shade. Plant it in well-drained, dry and even rocky limestone soil. It can tolerate a bit of moisture and withstand drought well. You can prune the faded flowers before seed formation to encourage a second bloom and prevent self-seeding and spreading. Maintain regular watering. Tall species require staking.
Planting period
Intended location
Care
Planting & care advice
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Hardiness is the lowest winter temperature a plant can endure without suffering serious damage or even dying. However, hardiness is affected by location (a sheltered area, such as a patio), protection (winter cover) and soil type (hardiness is improved by well-drained soil).
The flowering period indicated on our website applies to countries and regions located in USDA zone 8 (France, the United Kingdom, Ireland, the Netherlands, etc.)
It will vary according to where you live:- In zones 9 to 10 (Italy, Spain, Greece, etc.), flowering will occur about 2 to 4 weeks earlier.
- In zones 6 to 7 (Germany, Poland, Slovenia, and lower mountainous regions), flowering will be delayed by 2 to 3 weeks.
- In zone 5 (Central Europe, Scandinavia), blooming will be delayed by 3 to 5 weeks.
In temperate climates, pruning of spring-flowering shrubs (forsythia, spireas, etc.) should be done just after flowering.
Pruning of summer-flowering shrubs (Indian Lilac, Perovskia, etc.) can be done in winter or spring.
In cold regions as well as with frost-sensitive plants, avoid pruning too early when severe frosts may still occur.
The planting period indicated on our website applies to countries and regions located in USDA zone 8 (France, United Kingdom, Ireland, Netherlands).
It will vary according to where you live:
- In Mediterranean zones (Marseille, Madrid, Milan, etc.), autumn and winter are the best planting periods.
- In continental zones (Strasbourg, Munich, Vienna, etc.), delay planting by 2 to 3 weeks in spring and bring it forward by 2 to 4 weeks in autumn.
- In mountainous regions (the Alps, Pyrenees, Carpathians, etc.), it is best to plant in late spring (May-June) or late summer (August-September).
The harvesting period indicated on our website applies to countries and regions in USDA zone 8 (France, England, Ireland, the Netherlands).
In colder areas (Scandinavia, Poland, Austria...) fruit and vegetable harvests are likely to be delayed by 3-4 weeks.
In warmer areas (Italy, Spain, Greece, etc.), harvesting will probably take place earlier, depending on weather conditions.
The sowing periods indicated on our website apply to countries and regions within USDA Zone 8 (France, UK, Ireland, Netherlands).
In colder areas (Scandinavia, Poland, Austria...), delay any outdoor sowing by 3-4 weeks, or sow under glass.
In warmer climes (Italy, Spain, Greece, etc.), bring outdoor sowing forward by a few weeks.
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