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Equisetum fluviatile

Equisetum fluviatile
Swamp Horsetail, Smooth Horsetail, Water Horsetail, River Horsetail

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A perennial of damp banks or shallow ponds, this plant is hardy and evergreen in winter. Its upright stems give it a very graphic appearance. With a bright green colour, they are fine and quite flexible, giving them a fresh and slender look. Their verticality is highly appreciated in all spaces and highlights the roundness of their neighbours. It is a young plant that thrives in moderately rich and slightly acidic soil, tolerates frost, and is happy with a semi-shaded exposure, although it prefers the sun.    
Height at maturity
60 cm
Spread at maturity
30 cm
Exposure
Sun, Partial shade
Hardiness
Hardy down to -29°C
Soil moisture
Damp soil
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Best planting time March, September
Recommended planting time February to April, September to November
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Description

Equisetum fluviatile, or Swamp Horsetail, is a perennial plant found in wet riverbanks or shallow ponds, that is hardy and evergreen in winter. Its erect stems give it a very graphic appearance. With a vibrant green colour and upright, thin, quite flexible stems, they have a fresh and slender look. Their verticality is highly appreciated in all spaces and enhances the roundness of their neighbours. It is a plant that thrives in moderately rich and slightly acidic soil, tolerates frost, and can tolerate a semi-shaded exposure, although it prefers the sun.

Equisetum fluviatile is native to Eurasia. Preferring damp to waterlogged areas, it is used by the edge of ponds or in shallow water. In a pond, plant it between 0 and 5 to 10 cm (2 to 4 in) of water. It is a plant from the Equisetaceae family, like all horsetails. Its rhizomatous roots tend to vigorously colonise its environment. It can therefore become invasive if not contained. Two solutions are possible: install a root barrier or place it in a pot or container. It thrives perfectly well with this type of cultivation, allowing you to position it as you wish. Just make sure to water it and keep it in a moist substrate. This way, you can play with its slender and contemporary silhouette.

Swamp Horsetail reaches a height of about 60 to 80 cm (24 to 32 in) with a width of 30 cm (12 in). Its stems are quite flexible, straight, and often tightly packed (especially if confined in a limited space). They are hollow and have a cylindrical shape. Considered as "living fossils," they have been present on Earth for a very long time. They have retained characteristics that can still surprise us today. They reproduce through spores, do not have remarkable flowering, and have leaves that reduce to small grey vertical lines highlighted by a black ring. Positioned regularly on the stems, they mark segments of 3 to 10 cm (1 to 4 in) that grow with the plant. Their tops may be topped with a small ovoid brown and black fruit. It bears whorled branches and a crown of black teeth at its tip.

Equisetum fluviatile is highly valued for creating graphic, streamlined, and minimalist atmospheres. In wet areas, it forms straight lines and curves, and composes cylindrical masses, according to your choice of placement. It contrasts elegantly with round, fluffy, or creeping plants. It is an easy perennial that requires little monitoring and proves to be very long-lasting.

Foliage

Foliage persistence Evergreen
Foliage colour green

Plant habit

Height at maturity 60 cm
Spread at maturity 30 cm
Growth rate fast
Suckering/invasive plant

Botanical data

Genus

Equisetum

Species

fluviatile

Family

Equisetaceae

Other common names

Swamp Horsetail, Smooth Horsetail, Water Horsetail, River Horsetail

Origin

Western Europe

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Planting and care

Place Equisetum fluviatile or Swamp Horsetail in full sun or partial shade in a rich, moist, and acidic soil. You can place it either in shallow water or on the edge of a pond. The soil should always be moist, even in summer. For planting in a pot, provide a saucer to collect water runoff under the pot to keep the substrate consistently moist. To maintain its graphic appearance, it is sometimes necessary to remove broken stems or those that have grown in a somewhat anarchic manner. Simply cut them 5 cm (2 in) from the ground.

Planting period

Best planting time March, September
Recommended planting time February to April, September to November

Intended location

Suitable for Woodland edge, Pond edge, Pond
Type of use Border
Hardiness Hardy down to -29°C (USDA zone 5) Show map
Ease of cultivation Amateur
Planting density 5 per m2
Exposure Sun, Partial shade
Soil pH Acidic, Neutral
Soil type Clayey (heavy), Silty-loamy (rich and light)
Soil moisture Damp soil, peaty

Care

Pruning instructions Remove the old blackened stems.
Pruning Pruning recommended once a year
Pruning time March
Disease resistance Very good
Overwinter Can be left in the ground

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