Escarole Géante Maraîchère - Cichorium endivia var. latifolium
Escarole Géante Maraîchère - Cichorium endivia var. latifolium
Cichorium endivia var. latifolium Géante Maraîchère
Broad-leaved endive, Escarole
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Description
The Giant Maraîchère Escarole Chicory is a biennial vegetable plant that grows to 40 cm (16in) to 50 cm (20in), used for its whole and crunchy leaves. It forms a dense rosette of naturally blanching leaves that can be eaten raw in salads. Sow from May to August for a harvest 3 months later.
The Escarole Chicory is a vegetable plant that belongs to the Asteraceae family. Its Latin name is Cichorium endivia latifolium. It is also known as Broadleaf Endive (although it is not a common endive), White Chicory or Escarole. It originates from wild chicory that is naturally found in meadows and along roadsides.
Escarole chicories have a rosette habit and large, wavy green leaves. The heart is white with a slight yellow border. Some varieties need to be temporarily deprived of light to soften the heart and remove any possible bitterness, while others blanch naturally.
They are quite hardy but are a bit more susceptible to winter harshness than wild chicories. It is a good idea to provide protection such as a forcing net or tunnel in very cold regions.
In the garden, they can be grown in any moderately fertile soil that is moist but well-drained.
Escarole Chicory leaves are mainly consumed raw in salads, but can also be cooked in juice, gratin, cream, braised, or in béchamel sauce.
All chicories have tonic, depurative, and slightly laxative properties.
Harvest: Chicories can be harvested as needed, and as they grow.
Storage: They can be stored for a few days in a cool place after harvest.
Gardening tip: Regular hoeing and weeding is recommended, and mulching is a good idea in periods of drought.
Harvest
Plant habit
Foliage
Botanical data
Cichorium
endivia var. latifolium
Géante Maraîchère
Asteraceae
Broad-leaved endive, Escarole
Cultivar or hybrid
Biennial
Planting and care
Sowing
from May to August.
Sow the seeds in a flat furrow 5 cm (2in) wide and 2 cm (1in) deep. Sow thinly and cover the seeds fine layer of soil (half a centimetre), then firm lightly with the back of a rake. Germination takes about 8 days. The rows should be 30 cm (12in) apart. The young plants can be thinned out to every 30 cm (12in) along the row, and can also be transplanted elsewhere in the vegetable garden when they have 7 or 8 leaves.
Maintenance
To prevent diseases that attack chicory, such as powdery mildew or rust, it is important to regularly hoe and weed, and to practice a good crop rotation every 3 to 4 years. Water generously and frequently.
Scarole chicory is less resistant to frost than wild chicory, so it is a good idea to protect them with a cover or tunnel during winter.
Seedlings
Care
Intended location
Planting & care advice
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Hardiness is the lowest winter temperature a plant can endure without suffering serious damage or even dying. However, hardiness is affected by location (a sheltered area, such as a patio), protection (winter cover) and soil type (hardiness is improved by well-drained soil).
The flowering period indicated on our website applies to countries and regions located in USDA zone 8 (France, the United Kingdom, Ireland, the Netherlands, etc.)
It will vary according to where you live:- In zones 9 to 10 (Italy, Spain, Greece, etc.), flowering will occur about 2 to 4 weeks earlier.
- In zones 6 to 7 (Germany, Poland, Slovenia, and lower mountainous regions), flowering will be delayed by 2 to 3 weeks.
- In zone 5 (Central Europe, Scandinavia), blooming will be delayed by 3 to 5 weeks.
In temperate climates, pruning of spring-flowering shrubs (forsythia, spireas, etc.) should be done just after flowering.
Pruning of summer-flowering shrubs (Indian Lilac, Perovskia, etc.) can be done in winter or spring.
In cold regions as well as with frost-sensitive plants, avoid pruning too early when severe frosts may still occur.
The planting period indicated on our website applies to countries and regions located in USDA zone 8 (France, United Kingdom, Ireland, Netherlands).
It will vary according to where you live:
- In Mediterranean zones (Marseille, Madrid, Milan, etc.), autumn and winter are the best planting periods.
- In continental zones (Strasbourg, Munich, Vienna, etc.), delay planting by 2 to 3 weeks in spring and bring it forward by 2 to 4 weeks in autumn.
- In mountainous regions (the Alps, Pyrenees, Carpathians, etc.), it is best to plant in late spring (May-June) or late summer (August-September).
The harvesting period indicated on our website applies to countries and regions in USDA zone 8 (France, England, Ireland, the Netherlands).
In colder areas (Scandinavia, Poland, Austria...) fruit and vegetable harvests are likely to be delayed by 3-4 weeks.
In warmer areas (Italy, Spain, Greece, etc.), harvesting will probably take place earlier, depending on weather conditions.
The sowing periods indicated on our website apply to countries and regions within USDA Zone 8 (France, UK, Ireland, Netherlands).
In colder areas (Scandinavia, Poland, Austria...), delay any outdoor sowing by 3-4 weeks, or sow under glass.
In warmer climes (Italy, Spain, Greece, etc.), bring outdoor sowing forward by a few weeks.
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